Review Article
Current and Potential Uses of Imiquimod
Abstract
Imiquimod, an imidazoquinoline amine, is an immune response modifier first FDA-approved for the treatment of external genital and perianal warts in 1997. Since its appearance on the market, its antiviral and antitumor properties have been used in the treatment of a variety of dermatologic conditions. In this review article, the basic mechanism of action of imiquimod, current FDA-approved and non–FDA-approved uses of imiquimod, and key points of medication application frequency, possible adverse effects, and use in combination therapy are discussed. Common skin conditions that may be eradicated with imiquimod are emphasized.
Key Points
* Imiquimod is a topical medication prescribed frequently for a number of viral and neoplastic cutaneous conditions. It induces the synthesis of multiple cytokines and creates a Th1-dominant, cell-mediated immune milieu with antiproliferative and antiviral characteristics.
* Although it is FDA-approved for external and perianal warts, superficial basal cell carcinomas, and actinic keratoses of the face and scalp, it has also been used in the treatment of a wide range of skin diseases.
* Application frequencies vary, based on the condition under treatment. Treatment under occlusion or simultaneously with a retinoid product may improve penetration.
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