Original Article

Arriving at Correct Conclusions: The Importance of Association, Causality, and Clinical Significance

Declaring that a causal and not solely a correlative relation exists between a risk factor and a disease creates significant implications for patients and physicians. No matter the forum, when investigators or clinicians make such a claim, it is essential to explain how this determination was made so that appropriate…

Posted in: association 2 clinical significance 3 evidence-based medicine 18 Special Issue 75

Review

Reasoning and Evidence-Based Medicine: Common Pitfalls

It is impossible to answer every potential clinical question through randomized controlled trials. Hence, assumptions, rational thinking, logic, and reasoning are used in making recommendations; however, these methods may interfere with the judicious application of evidence-based medicine and, as discussed in this article, may result in logical fallacies. We also…

Posted in: association 2 evidence-based medicine 18 Special Issue 75
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