Review

Impact of Patient Selection in Various Study Designs: Identifying Potential Bias in Clinical Results

Many different study designs are used to address different types of clinical questions. The two broad categories are the experimental study, which is the randomized controlled trial, and observational studies, which includes all of the other basic study designs (cohort [prospective and retrospective] studies, case-control [etiologic] studies, cross-sectional [prevalence] studies,…

Posted in: critical appraisal 2 evidence-based medicine 18 randomized controlled trial 2 Special Issue 75

Review

Evidence-Based Medicine: Specific Skills Necessary for Developing Expertise in Critical Appraisal

The concept of evidence-based medicine (EBM), defined as the integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values, is essential to the review, understanding, and application of clinical principles into the practice of medicine. Critical appraisal includes recognizing and evaluating various study designs and their ranking in order…

Posted in: bias 3 critical appraisal 2 evidence-based medicine 18 Special Issue 75
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