Review Article

An Updated Review of the Literature: Risk Factors for Bladder Cancer with Focus on Occupational Exposures

Workplace exposures account for 5 to 25% of all bladder cancer cases. A critical review of the literature between 1938 and 2004 was performed, with a focus on occupational exposures. Occupational exposure to bladder carcinogens, particularly to β-naphthylamine occur in a number of industries, including aromatic amine manufacture, rubber and…