Abstract

We critically examined the literature regarding tamoxifen and raloxifene for breast cancer chemoprevention, a controversial topic of interest to all providers of health care services for women. The National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project showed that tamoxifen decreased the incidence of breast cancer in women at increased risk. Two European studies did not confirm this benefit. Although well‐tolerated, tamoxifen chemoprevention continues to be associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer. Raloxifene is a promising agent that has not been established to reduce the incidence of breast cancer in women at increased risk and currently should not be considered an alternative to tamoxifen outside of clinical trials. Tamoxifen results in a decreased risk of causing breast cancer in women at increased risk for having the disease. Women at increased risk are encouraged to participate in the ongoing clinical trial comparing tamoxifen and raloxifene for breast cancer prevention.