With more than 50% of the country’s HIV diagnoses in 2022 occurring in the South, Carl Fichtenbaum, MD, an Infectious Diseases specialist at the University of Cincinnati, and Philip Hartman, MD, a Family Medicine physician in Florence, Kentucky and former SMA President, discuss the status of HIV prevention and treatment in the United States. During their conversation, they provide insight into regional and racial disparities in new HIV cases and share information regarding pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and other methods of reducing HIV transmission.