Case Report

Myonecrosis in Sickle Cell Anemia Case Report and Review of the Literature

Authors: Perla Vicari, MD, Ruth Achkar, MD, Kathia R.B. Oliveira, MD, Milton L. Miszpupten, MD, Artur R.C. Fernandes, MD, PHD, Maria S. Figueiredo, MD, PHD, José O. Bordin, MD, PHD

Abstract

Vascular occlusion is responsible for most of the severe complications of sickle cell anemia (SCA). The involvement of muscle and fascia is uncommon in SCA, but myonecrosis may occur in SCA crisis. The data accumulated in the literature is limited to only a few reports describing mainly adult patients presenting with severe muscular pain. We report a rare case of sickle myonecrosis and secondary involvement of an associated joint after a severe painful crisis in the left thigh.


Key Points


* Myonecrosis is a rare complication of sickle cell anemia.


* Sickle myonecrosis episodes can be acute or chronic.


* Myonecrosis is usually manifested by characteristic finding on MRI.


* Early diagnosis and prompt involvement of a physical therapist are fundamental to avoid chronic sequelae.

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