Invited Commentary

Benefits and Risks of Exercise on the Gastrointestinal System

Authors: Jennifer Chennat, MD

Abstract

Exercise has been shown to have beneficial effects on gastrointestinal motility and metabolism and has been advocated both as a first-line treatment and for the prevention of a variety of diseases affecting this organ system. The review article by Martin in this issue of the Journal provides a comprehensive overview of this topic.1 The authors conclude that low-intensity physical activity may have protective effects on the gastrointestinal system. They note strong published evidence that physical activity reduces the risk of colon cancer, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cholelithiasis, and diverticular disease. Vigorous activity can result in transient gastrointestinal bleeding, which may become clinically significant for high-performance athletes. However, physical activity does not seem to interfere with the healing process of inflammatory bowel disease, and will probably not reduce the incidence of bile duct, gallbladder, esophageal or rectal cancers.

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References

1. Martin D. Physical activity benefits and risks on the gastrointestinal system. South Med J 2011;104:831–837.
 
2. Bi L, Triadafilopoulous G. Exercise and gastrointestinal function and disease: an evidence-based review of risks and benefits. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003;1:345–355.
 
3. Hall EH, Crowe SE. Environmental and lifestyle influences on disorders of the large and small intestine: implications for treatment. Dig Dis Sci 2011;29:249–254.
 
4. Thoma C, Day CP, Trenell MI. Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: a systematic review. J Hepatol 2011;Jul 1 [Epub ahead of print].