Original Article

Comparison of Neopterin Levels in Patients with Coronary Artery Ectasia Versus Patients with Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease

Authors: Mehmet Şahin, MD, Ercan Varol, MD, Mehmet Ozaydin, MD, Ahmet Altinbas, MD, Osman Aydin, MD, Suleyman M. Aslan, MD, Abdullah Dogan, MD, Selçuk Kaya, MD

Abstract

Objectives: Inflammation has been reported as an important component of vascular aneurysm formation, as found in obstructive vascular disorder. Neopterin is produced by activated macrophages and is thought to represent a marker of immune activation and macrophage activity. The plasma neopterin levels were investigated in coronary artery ectasia (CAE) patients to investigate the role of inflammation.


Study Design: The study population consisted of three groups: the first consisted of 28 patients with isolated CAE without stenotic lesion; the second of 27 patients with obstructive coronary artery disease (O-CAD) without CAE; and the third group of 15 control subjects with normal coronary arteries (NCA). Plasma soluble neopterin levels were measured in all patients and control subjects using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.


Results: Plasma neopterin levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with isolated CAE compared with control subjects with angiographically NCA (18.5 ± 8.8 versus 8.7 ± 2.6 nmol/L, respectively, P = 0.006). Although neopterin levels were higher in patients with CAE than in patients with O-CAD, they did not reach the statistically significant levels (18.5 ± 8.8 versus 16.8 ± 8.2 nmol/L, respectively, P = 0.77). Patients with O-CAD had significantly higher levels of neopterin compared with subjects with angiographically NCA (16.8 ± 8.2 versus 8.7 ± 2.6 nmol/L, respectively, P = 0.03). The mean serum neopterin levels in patients with single-vessel, two-vessel, and diffuse ectasia were as follows: 17.4 ± 9.9 nmol/L, 19.5 ± 8.9 nmol/L, and 20 ± 5.5 nmol/L, respectively (P = 0.4).


Conclusion: Patients with isolated CAE have raised levels of neopterin compared with patients with NCA, showing the possible role of inflammatory processes (monocyte/macrophage activity) in the higher levels of neopterin in patients with O-CAD.


Key Points


* Although the inflammatory mechanisms underlying obstructive coronary artery disease have been somewhat characterized, little is known about the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of isolated coronary artery ectasia.


* Neopterin is produced by activated macrophages and is thought to represent a marker of immune activation and macrophage activity.


* Compared with patients with normal coronary arteries, isolated coronary artery ectasia has raised levels of neopterin, showing the possible role of inflammatory processes (monocyte/macrophage activity) in the higher levels of neopterin in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease.

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