Case Report

Newly Diagnosed Human Immunodeficiency Virus After Sepsis-Like Reaction to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

Authors: CPT KIMBERLY A. MORAN, MD, MC, CPT NOEL C. ALES, DO, LTC PAUL A. HEMMER, MD

Abstract

A rare sepsis-like hypersensitivity reaction has been observed in persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after exposure to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. This reaction most commonly occurs on rechallenge with the drug and is manifested by a syndrome resembling bacterial sepsis. The mechanism of this unusual reaction remains unclear. We describe the first case in which this severe hypersensitivity reaction was the initial manifestation of HIV.

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References