Expired CME Article

Peripheral Bone Densitometry

Authors: Gary M. Kiebzak, PHD

Abstract

Expired CME Article - Peripheral Bone Densitometry

This content is limited to qualifying members.

Existing members, please login first

If you have an existing account please login now to access this article or view purchase options.

Purchase only this article ($25)

Create a free account, then purchase this article to download or access it online for 24 hours.

Purchase an SMJ online subscription ($75)

Create a free account, then purchase a subscription to get complete access to all articles for a full year.

Purchase a membership plan (fees vary)

Premium members can access all articles plus recieve many more benefits. View all membership plans and benefit packages.

References

1. Bonnick SL and Lewis LA. 2002 Densitometry Devices Approved by the Food and Drug Administration, in Bone Densitometry for Technologists. Totowa, New Jersey, Humana Press, 2002, pp 99–144.
 
2. Cummings SR, Black DM, Nevitt MC, et al. Appendicular bone density and age predict hip fracture in women. The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. JAMA 1990;263:665–668.
 
3. Hui SL, Slemenda CW, Johnston CC. Baseline measurement of bone mass predicts fracture in white women. Ann Int Med 1989;111:355–361.
 
4. Gardsell P, Johnell O, Nilsson BE. The predictive value of bone loss for fragility fractures in women: a longitudinal study over 15 years. Calcif Tissue Int 1991;49:90–94.
 
5. Black DM, Cummings SR, Melton LJ. Appendicular bone mineral and a woman’s lifetime risk of hip fracture. J Bone Mineral Res 1992;7(6): 630–646.
 
6. Bouxsein ML, Radloff SE. Quantitative ultrasound of the calcaneous reflects the mechanical properties of calcaneal trabecular bone. J Bone Miner Res 1997;12(5):839–846.
 
7. Lee SC, Coan BS, Bouxsein ML. Tibial ultrasound velocity measured in situ predicts the material properties of tibial cortical bone. Bone 1997;21(1):119–125.
 
8. Greenspan SL, Bouxsein ML, Melton ME et al. Precision and discriminatory ability of calcaneal bone assessment technologies. J Bone Miner Res 1997;12(8):1303–1313.
 
9. Turner Ch, Peacock M, Timmerman L, et al. Calcaneal QUS measurements discriminate hip fracture independently of bone mass. Osteoporosis Int 1995;5:130–135.
 
10. Schott AM, Weill-Engerer S, Hans D, et al. QUS discriminates patients with hip fracture equally well as dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and independently of bone mineral density. J Bone Mineral Res1995;10:243–209.
 
11. Marshall D, Johnell O, Wedel H. Meta-analysis of how well measures of bone mineral density predict occurrence of osteoporotic fractures. BMJ 1996;312:1254–1259.
 
12. Thompson P, Taylor J, Fisher A, et al. Quantitative heel ultrasound in 3180 women between the 45 and 75 years of age: compliance, normal ranges and relationship to fracture history. Osteoporosis Int1998;8:211–214.
 
13. Hans D, Dargent-Molina P, Schott AM, et al. Ultrasonic heel measurements to predict hip fracture in elderly women: the EPIDOS prospective study. Lancet 1996;348:511–514.
 
14. Bauer DC, Gluer CG, Cauley JA, et al. Broadband ultrasound attenuation predicts fractures strongly and independently of densitometry in older women. Arch Int Med 1997;157:629–634.
 
15. Cheng S, Njeh CF, Fan B, et al. Influence of region of interest and bone size on calcaneal BMD: implications for the accuracy of quantitative ultrasound assessments at the calcaneus. Br J Rad2002;75:59–68.
 
16. Johansen A, Stone MD. The effect of ankle oedema on bone ultrasound assessment at the heel.Osteoporosis Int 1997;7:44–47.
 
17. Iki M, Kajita E, Mitamura S, et al. Precision of quantitative ultrasound and effects of ambient temperature on the parameters. Osteoporosis Int 1999;10(6):462–467.
 
18. Kang C, Speller R. Comparison of ultrasound and dual x-ray absorptiometry measurements in the calcaneus. Br J Rad 1998;71:861–867.
 
19. Shepherd JA, Cheng XG, Lu Y, et al. Universal standardization of forearm bone densitometry. J Bone and Mineral Res 2002;17(4):734–745.
 
20. Njeh CF, Hans D, Li J, et al. 2000 Comparison of six calcaneal quantitative ultrasound devices: precision and hip fracture discrimination. Osteoporosis Int 11(12):1051–1062.
 
21. Miller PD, Njeh CF, Jankowski LG, et al. 2002 International Society for Clinical Densitometry Position Development Panel and Scientific Advisory Committee. What are the standards by which bone mass measurement at peripheral skeletal sites should be used in the diagnosis of osteoporosis?J Clin Densitometry. 5 Suppl:S39–S45.
 
22. Siris ES, Miller PD, Barrett-Connor E, et al. Identification and fracture outcomes of undiagnosed low bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: results from the National Osteoporosis Risk Assessment. JAMA 2001;286(22):2815–2822.
 
23. Kanis JA, Gluer CC. An update on the diagnosis and assessment of osteoporosis with densitometry. Committee of Scientific Advisors, International Osteoporosis Foundation. Osteoporosis Int 2000;11(3):192–202.
 
24. Bachman M, Crewson PE, Lewis RS. Comparison of heel ultrasound and finger DXA to central DXA in the detection of osteoporosis. J Clin Densitometry 2002;5(2):131–141.
 
25. Pearson D, Masud T, Sahota O, et al. A comparison of calcaneal dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and calcaneal ultrasound for predicting the diagnosis of osteoporosis from hip and spine densitometry. J Clin Densitometry 2003;6(4):345–351.
 
26. Jorgensen HL, Warming L, Bjarnason NH, et al. How does quantitative ultrasound compare to dual x-ray absorptiometry at various skeletal sites in relation to the WHO diagnosis categories?Clin Phys2001;21(1):51–59.
 
27. Faulkner KG, von Stetten E, Miller PD. Discordance in patient classification using T-scores. J Clin Densitometry 1999;2(3):343–350.
 
28. Miller PD, Bonnick SL, Johnston CC, et al. The challenges of peripheral testing: which patients need additional central density skeletal measurements?J Clin Densitometry 1998;1(3):211–217.
 
29. Baran DT, Faulkner KG, Genant HK, et al. Diagnosis and management of osteoporosis: guidelines for the utilization of bone densitometry. Calcif Tissue Int 1997;61(6):433–440.
 
30. Elliott ME, Meek PD, Kanous NL, et al. Osteoporosis screening by community pharmacists: use of National Osteoporosis Foundation resources. J Am Pharm Assoc (Wash) 2002;42(1):101–110.