Editorial

Salmonella Infections in the Setting of AIDS: A Serpentine Course

Authors: J Michael Kilby, MD

Abstract

Infectious complications of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) tend to be caused by organisms that fall into two broad categories: 1) opportunistic pathogens prevalent in the natural environment but rarely causing serious disease in normal hosts (Pneumocystis, Toxoplasma, Mycobacterium avium complex, Cytomegalovirus), and 2) pathogens that predictably cause disease in the general population but may be associated with atypical or highly aggressive presentations in HIV-infected patients (Pneumococcus,Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Treponema pallidum, herpes simplex virus). Since the advent of effective combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), the incidence of systemic disease caused by opportunistic organisms has decreased substantially in the United States, and unusual presentations from the second category are probably less common as well.

This content is limited to qualifying members.

Existing members, please login first

If you have an existing account please login now to access this article or view purchase options.

Purchase only this article ($25)

Create a free account, then purchase this article to download or access it online for 24 hours.

Purchase an SMJ online subscription ($75)

Create a free account, then purchase a subscription to get complete access to all articles for a full year.

Purchase a membership plan (fees vary)

Premium members can access all articles plus recieve many more benefits. View all membership plans and benefit packages.

References

1.Waterman SH, Juarez G, Carr SJ, et al. Salmonella arizonae infections in Latinos associated with rattlesnake folk medicine. Am J Public Health 1990;80:286–289.
 
2.Bhatt BD, Zuckerman MJ, Foland JA, et al. Disseminated Salmonella arizona infection associated with rattlesnake meat ingestion. Am J Gastroenterol 1989;84:422–425.
 
3.Gruenewald R, Blum S, Chan J. Relationship between human immunodeficiency virus infection and salmonellosis in 20- to 59-year-old residents of New York City. Clin Infect Dis 1994;18:358–63.
 
4.Celum CL, Chaisson RE, Rutherford GW, et al. Incidence of salmonellosis in patients with AIDS. J Infect Dis 1987;156:998–1002.
 
5.Sperber SJ, Schleupner CJ. Salmonellosis during infection with human immunodeficiency virus. Rev Infect Dis 1987;9:925–934.
 
6.Gotuzzo E, Frisancho O, Sanchez J, et al. Association between the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and infection with Salmonella typhi or Salmonella paratyphi in an endemic typhoid area. Arch Intern Med 1991;151:381–382.
 
7.Goldberg MB, Rubin RH. The spectrum of Salmonella infection. Infect Dis Clin North Am 1988;2:571–598.
 
8.Jacobson MA, Hahn SM, Gerberding JL, et al. Ciprofloxacin for Salmonella bacteremia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Ann Intern Med 1989;110:1027–1029.
 
9.Fernandez Guerrero ML, Aguado JM, Arribas A, et al. The spectrum of cardiovascular infections due to Salmonella enterica: a review of clinical features and factors determining outcome. Medicine2004;83:123–138.
 
10.Lewin CS, Allen RA, Amyes SG. Antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolones in combination with zidovudine. J Med Microbiol 1990;33:127–131.