Review Article

Investigational Biomarkers for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Where Do We Stand?

Although the outcomes for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remain disappointing, there has been considerable improvement in the 5-year survival rate of patients with resectable disease. As such, an R0 surgical resection (microscopic tumor clearance) offers patients with PDAC the greatest survival benefit. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9, the only US Food and…