SMJ articles in the category "epidemiology"

Original Article

Prevalence and Trends of Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease among Adults in the United States

Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects approximately 100 million individuals in the United States. Previous studies have reported a significant association between obesity and MASLD. The objective of our study was to examine the relationship between obesity and population-level trends in MASLD prevalence among US adults aged 20…

Posted in: community health worker 2 epidemiology 36 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 3 Obesity 70

Original Article

Opioid Use Disorder and Pharmacological Treatment in Southwestern North Carolina: NC SID Database 2000–2020

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to provide a descriptive assessment of patient and hospital characteristics among individuals with an opioid use disorder (OUD) diagnosis in North Carolina and the seven western North Carolina counties and to identify rates of selected psychiatric/physical health outcomes associated with OUD and treatment…

Posted in: comorbidity 8 epidemiology 36 HCUP 3 State Inpatient Database 4

Original Article

Injuries Related to Nonpowder Firearms: A National Database Study

Objectives: Nonpowder firearms (NPFs) have become increasingly popular. We sought to analyze the epidemiology of NPF injuries. Methods: A search was conducted through the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System for data from 2012 to 2021 to analyze NPF-related injuries. Results: Between 2012 and 2022, the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System…

Posted in: education 20 epidemiology 36 injury 10 safety 6

Original Article

Epidemiologic Assessment of Craniosynostosis in Mississippi’s Pediatric Population from 2015 to 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to report geographic and demographic patterns of patients with craniosynostosis (CS) treated at Children’s of Mississippi, the state’s only American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association–approved craniofacial team. Methods: Patients with CS were treated at a tertiary pediatric hospital cared for by craniofacial surgeons and neurosurgeons from 2015 to…

Posted in: epidemiology 36

Original Article

Substance Use Disorders among Adolescents in the United States: 2000–2019

Objectives: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are characterized by impairment caused by the recurrent use of alcohol, illicit drugs, or both. SUDs are pervasive and endemic among US adolescents, with potentially negative health and social consequences. Although the term experimentation normalizes adolescent substance abuse, the long-term consequences of this behavior beginning…

Posted in: adolescents 13 epidemiology 36 Kids’ Inpatient Database 3 substance use disorders 3

Original Article

Lower Intent to Comply with COVID-19 Public Health Recommendations Correlates to Higher Disease Burden in Following 30 Days

Objectives: We sought to determine whether self-reported intent to comply with public health recommendations correlates with future coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease burden. Methods: A cross-sectional, online survey of US adults, recruited by snowball sampling, from April 9 to July 12, 2020. Primary measurements were participant survey responses about their…

Posted in: coronavirus 6 COVID-19 55 epidemiology 36 public health 14 SARS-CoV-2 7

Original Article

CME Article: Trends in Incidence and Mortality Rates of Uterine Cancer in Kentucky

Objectives: The objective of this analysis was to gauge how the incidence and mortality of uterine cancer in Kentucky have changed from 1995 through 2017. An assessment of the trends in incidence and mortality across different geographic areas and between different races was also performed. Methods: Age-adjusted annual incidence and…

Posted in: epidemiology 36 Kentucky 9 uterine cancer 2

Original Article

Racial/Ethnic Disparities in the Incidence of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer in Florida by Histology, 2001–2015: Analysis of Trends

Objectives: Because the population in Florida is 25.6% Hispanic, it is possible to evaluate the influence of race and ethnicity within clinically relevant subgroups of women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), including histology and tumor grade. This study explores racial/ethnic disparities in the incidence of EOC in Florida by histology…

Posted in: epidemiology 36 Ovarian Cancer 4 racial/ethnic disparities 2

Review Article

An Updated Approach to Evaluation and Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection

Helicobacter pylori is a chronic bacterial infection that can lead to peptic ulcer disease, chronic gastritis, and gastric cancer. Its prevalence in the United States is lower than in most of the world, although specific populations are at particular risk for disease-related complications, including those with lower socioeconomic status and…

Posted in: antibiotic resistance 4 Diagnosis 17 epidemiology 36 Helicobacter pylori 10

Original Article

Birth Weight and Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Arizona, Illinois, and Kentucky

Objective: To confirm the previously reported increased risk of leukemia among macrosomic children (those with birth weight >4 kg). Methods: Birth certificates of Arizona, Illinois, and Kentucky children diagnosed as having acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) before age 5 years were matched with birth certificates from leukemia-free children of the same…

Posted in: acute lymphoblastic leukemia 3 birth weight 2 children 22 epidemiology 36 nutrition 12

Original Article

Inverse Correlation of Lymphoid Leukemia Incidence and Anemia Prevalence among Preschool Children

Objective: The relation between the prevalence of anemia and incidence of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia was explored using international cross-sectional data as well as US time-series data. Methods: Lymphoid leukemia incidence rates for various countries from the International Agency for Research on Cancer were regressed on anemia prevalence rates from…

Posted in: anemia 11 children 22 epidemiology 36 leukemia 5

Original Article

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of a Predominantly Hispanic Population with Inflammatory Bowel Disease on the US–Mexico Border

Objectives: Information regarding Hispanics with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is scarce. In this study we aimed to describe a predominantly Hispanic population with IBD in a city located along the US–Mexico border and to identify clinical or demographic differences between Hispanics and non-Hispanics. Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis of patients with…

Posted in: epidemiology 36 Hispanics 4 inflammatory bowel disease 10 Treatment 22

Original Article

Relations Between Residential Proximity to EPA-Designated Toxic Release Sites and Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Incidence

Objectives: Examining the spatial patterns of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) incidence and residential proximity to toxic release locations may provide insight regarding environmental and sociodemographic risk factors. Methods: We linked and geocoded cancer incidence data for the period 1999–2008 from the Georgia Comprehensive Cancer Registry with population data from…

Posted in: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 4 epidemiology 36 lymphoma 14 non-Hodgkin Lymphoma 3

Original Article

Therapeutic Error Calls Among Older Adults Reported to a Regional Poison Control Center in Alabama

Objectives: Although Americans aged 65 years and older account for only 13.0% of the population, they consume one-third of all prescription medications each year. Increased life expectancy, age-related deterioration in health, and polypharmacy lead to a significant risk of potential medication errors. National Poison Data System studies have evaluated the…

Posted in: Alabama 4 epidemiology 36 older adult 4 poison control centers 4

Original Article

Light-Intensity Physical Activity and Medical Multimorbidity

Objectives: No study has examined the association between objectively measured light-intensity physical activity (LIPA) and multimorbidity (≥2 chronic diseases) in a national sample of US adults. I undertook this examination. Methods: Data from the 2005–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used (N = 2048 adults 20 years old…

Posted in: chronic disease 5 epidemiology 36 Health 4 physical activity 19

Original Article

Updated Prevalence and Demographic Characteristics for ALS Cases in Texas, 2009–2011

Objectives: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare motor neuron disease with incidence rates ranging from 1 to 2/100,000 person-years. The Texas Department of State Health Services previously conducted surveillance for ALS in three metropolitan areas of Texas. This project provides an update to this research, while expanding its scope…

Posted in: epidemiology 36 prevalence 15 surveillance 14

Original Article

Epidemiology of the Reported Severity of Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus) Snakebite

Objective: The goal of this study was to analyze trends in the annual rates of reported medical outcomes of cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus) snakebites in the United States, published in the annual reports of the American Association of Poison Control Centers in the course of 29 years. Methods: This was a…

Posted in: epidemiology 36 poison control centers 4

Original Article

Epidemiology of the Reported Severity of Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix) Snakebite

Objective: The goal of this study was to analyze trends in the annual rates of reported medical outcomes of US copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix) snakebites published in the annual reports of the American Association of Poison Control Centers in the course of 26 years. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of…

Posted in: epidemiology 36 poison control centers 4 snakebite 4

Original Article

Experience with Pandemic 2009 H1N1 Influenza in a Large Pediatric Hospital

Objective: In 2009, a new strain of influenza A, H1N1, was detected in two children in the United States. It spread quickly and became pandemic (pH1N1), disproportionately affecting children. The aim of the present study was to describe our experience with pH1N1 in a large pediatric hospital. Methods: We reviewed…

Posted in: epidemiology 36 Influenza 4 pandemic 8 pediatrics 33 primary health care 3

Original Article

Prevalence of Colorectal Cancer Screening Among a Multimorbid Rural Appalachian Population

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the relation among multiple morbidities and the prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among older adult Appalachian residents of Kentucky. This is the first known study to address multiple morbidities exclusively with a health-disparities population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study…

Posted in: colorectal cancer 17 epidemiology 36 multimorbidity 2 screening 33
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