Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disproportionately afflicted vulnerable populations. Older adults, particularly residents of nursing facilities, represent a small percentage of the population but account for 40% of mortality from COVID-19 in the United States. Racial and ethnic minority individuals, particularly Black, Hispanic, and Indigenous Americans have…
Objectives: Helicobacter pylori is prevalent worldwide, especially in Latin America. Triple and quadruple antibiotic therapies have been relatively effective; however, resistance has emerged in recent years. The treatment success rate of these regimens on the border of the United States and Mexico is unknown. Our study attempted to determine eradication…
Psoriasis treatments range from topical treatments and phototherapy to oral systemic medications and injections. Despite good control of the disease when applying appropriate treatments (according to disease severity, insurance parameters, patient preference, and patients’ ability to adhere), continued advancements will allow even better symptomatic control, reduced adverse effects, and patient…
Objectives: Information regarding Hispanics with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is scarce. In this study we aimed to describe a predominantly Hispanic population with IBD in a city located along the US–Mexico border and to identify clinical or demographic differences between Hispanics and non-Hispanics. Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis of patients with…
Objectives: Insurance status has the potential to play a significant role in an individual’s health care by affecting the time of diagnosis and the treatment options used. Our study reviewed insurance status as a determinant of the time of a breast cancer diagnosis as well as the surgical treatment options…
Objectives: In recent years, vitamin D deficiency has been recognized increasingly often in patients, and different supplement regimens have been prescribed to treat it. There has been no consensus on treatment regimens. This study was conducted to determine the management of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency in outpatient adults in northeast Tennessee….
Osteoporosis, the most common human bone disease, affects 8 million American women and has significant morbidity and mortality. Screening is important in older women and younger postmenopausal women with additional risk factors for osteoporosis/fracture. Preventive measures include avoiding smoking, excessive alcohol/caffeine intake, and falls in addition to maintaining adequate calcium/vitamin…
Objectives: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most rapidly progressive form of lung cancer, and delays in treatment may increase the tumor burden. We determined the time from abnormal radiograph to diagnosis and treatment for patients with SCLC and investigated the effect of emergent presentation, stage, radiographic findings, and…
Background: National guidelines recommend lipid-lowering therapy for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), its equivalent (eg, diabetes mellitus, peripheral arterial disease, cerebrovascular disease), and those at high risk of CHD. Quality-of-care studies demonstrate that patients at high risk of CHD are undertreated. Overtreatment of patients at low risk of CHD…
Background: The release of incretin based therapeutic entities has brought the possibility to offer control of the disease by augmenting a natural process in the body that has become deficient with type 2 diabetes. Liraglutide, an incretin mimetic, and saxagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, have been approved and introduced to…
Objectives:Chlorine gas is a potent pulmonary irritant that affects the mucous membranes and induces severe disturbances of pulmonary gas exchange within minutes of inhalation. The present study evaluated an extraordinary type of mass inhalational exposure.Material and Methods:Clinical reports of 25 soldiers who were admitted to the emergency department of Maresal…
Abstract:Primary ectopic meningioma is rare and usually limited to the head and neck region. Until now its occurrence in the mediastinum has not been reported in the literature searched on Medline using the keywords meningioma and mediastinum. We report here a case of primary mediastinal malignant meningioma which was treated…
Abstract:Vitamin D regulates calcium homeostasis in the body and may play a major role in regulating immune responses to tuberculosis (TB). Pilot studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation may improve outcomes in pulmonary TB (PTB), but clinical evidence using vitamin D in TB treatment is limited. We present a case…
Abstract:The World Health Organization Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX™) and the National Osteoporosis Foundation’s (NOF) Clinician’s Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis are helpful clinical tools in the management of osteoporosis. Appropriate use of these tools requires a clear understanding of their limitations as well as their benefits. Good…
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a chronic neurologic disorder, with a prevalence rate in the general population of 5% to 10%. The diagnosis of RLS is straightforward; it is based on symptom history alone and uses the four essential diagnostic criteria for RLS. Owing to the heterogeneity of the disorder,…
Alcohol dependence (AD) is a complex disease involving biologic, psychosocial, and environmental factors. Increasing evidence shows that the development of AD involves changes in neurotransmitter function in the areas of the brain associated with alcohol craving and reward. Although AD is gaining acceptance as a medical disease, management of AD…
Background: Sulfasalazine and tetracyclines are effective against rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Levofloxacin, the bacteriologically active isomer of ofloxacin, is used in the treatment of infections caused by periodontopathic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerability of levofloxacin in patients…
Nonmenstrual toxic shock syndrome (TSS) due to Staphylococcus aureus can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. While drotrecogin alfa (DA) has been employed in patients with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) severe sepsis and septic shock, its utility in TSS remains unclear. The authors report a case of severe sepsis in…
Abstract:Extramammary Paget disease is an uncommon cutaneous neoplasm that presents as erythematous plaques most frequently located in the anogenital region. Management of patients with extramammary Paget disease involves evaluation of the individual for: (1) a disease-associated, unsuspected, visceral malignancy and (2) secondary adenocarcinoma in the underlying dermis or regional lymph…
As our population ages, the incidence and prevalence of Alzheimer disease (AD) will increase dramatically. A number of therapies have been investigated for the treatment and prevention of AD. Clinicians should be prepared to provide evidence-based answers to inquiries regarding AD treatment. There is insufficient evidence to recommend ginkgo biloba,…
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