Objectives: Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is associated with low maternal weight gain, and low maternal weight gain is associated with infant mortality. Many MAT patients also are smokers. This study investigates buprenorphine administration during pregnancy as a possible independent risk factor for low maternal weight gain. To our knowledge, this is…
Objectives: Pregnant women living in rural areas of the United States are not equitably served by healthcare systems and may be disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We examined the impact of location of pregnancy care on STI screening and positivity in a statewide health system. Methods: Pregnant women…
Objective: The purpose of this assessment of the literature was to evaluate the etiology, incidence, risk factors, diagnosis, management, and recurrent risk in a subsequent pregnancy of restless leg syndrome (RLS) in pregnancy. Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched from January 1980–February 2024. The only…
Objectives: Southern Appalachia is a region of the United States that is disproportionately affected by the opioid epidemic and by increasing rates of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). NAS rates increased approximately 400% between 1999 and 2012. Buprenorphine prescriptions written to treat opioid use disorder also increased dramatically. The present study…
Objectives: We sought to determine whether pregnant individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prescribed integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) antiretrovirals (ARVs) achieve viral suppression faster than individuals taking non-INSTI regimens and to determine whether there were differences in viral suppression at delivery among INSTI ARVs. Methods: This is a retrospective…
Objectives: Approximately half of US adults use dietary supplements, often for dermatologic purposes. When survey respondents in a nationally representative population were asked the reasons for their use of a specific supplement, 87% chose “for healthy skin, hair, and nails.” Despite widespread use, supplements have potential risks and lack regulatory…
Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy is a common complication during pregnancy that affects approximately 10% of pregnancies and is responsible for nearly 14% of maternal deaths worldwide. It affects the mother and the fetus simultaneously, sometimes putting the health of the mother and the fetus at odds with each other. It…
Objective: To analyze the characteristics surrounding women who underwent cesarean delivery for stillbirth management in the rural, southern US state of Arkansas. Methods: This was a planned secondary analysis of a retrospective descriptive study evaluating mode of delivery following the stillbirth of singleton pregnancies without anomalies or aneuploidy delivered in…
The objective of this study was to examine prior studies on maternal and neonatal outcomes with prophylactic compared with emergent blood transfusion in pregnant women with sickle cell disease. A review of the literature was performed. Twenty-one articles were identified and included in the analysis. A generalized linear mixed-effects model…
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate and identify which sociodemographic factors may be associated with breastfeeding intention and breastfeeding self-efficacy among pregnant women. Methods: Pregnant women at a medical center in Alabama completed a cross-sectional survey. The Prenatal Rating of Efficacy in Preparation to Breastfeed Scale (PREP…
Objectives: Women veterans have a high prevalence of comorbidities that increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Screening for pregnancy desires in primary care provider (PCP) visits offers an opportunity to optimize preconception health. This pilot quality improvement initiative sought to assess Veterans Healthcare Administration provider preferences on One Key…
Objectives: This study is a follow-up to previous research regarding buprenorphine medication-assisted therapy (MAT) in Johnson City, Tennessee. For-profit MAT clinics were surveyed to determine changes in tapering practice patterns and insurance coverage during the last 3 years. Methods: Johnson City for-profit MAT clinics; also called office based opioid treatment…
Objectives: Many addicted pregnant patients receiving buprenorphine medication-assisted therapy (MAT) wish to discontinue this medication while pregnant. This study was undertaken to determine whether outpatient detoxification from buprenorphine during pregnancy is safe and effective when confirmed with postdetoxification urine drug screens (UDSs). Methods: This case series reports the maternal and…
Objective: To assess patient- and hospital-level characteristics associated with opioid use in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–positive pregnant women and fetal health outcomes. Methods: Using the 2002–2014 Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, we analyzed discharge records to describe the rates of opioid use among HIV-positive pregnant women. Logistic regression was used to…
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors associated with postpartum contraceptive use among women with short and moderate-to-long birth intervals using population-based data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System. Methods: Because only Mississippi and Tennessee include a question about birth interval length on their Pregnancy…
Objectives: To define the magnitude of buprenorphine presence in the urine drug screens of pregnant women and to assess the presence of illicit buprenorphine use versus the presence of prescribed buprenorphine use.Methods: Initial prenatal drug screen results for all pregnant patients in our practice for a 1-year period were analyzed…
Objectives: The opioid epidemic has resulted in rising rates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in women of childbearing age. With this changing epidemiology in mind, the Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases guidelines were updated in 2018 to recommend screening all pregnant women…
Objectives: The length of the third stage of labor is correlated with blood loss following a vaginal delivery. We aimed to accurately measure blood loss following a vaginal delivery and examine the relation between blood loss and length of the third stage of labor. Methods: This was a prospective observational…
With the increasing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide, the number of pregnant women with various degrees of renal dysfunction is expected to increase. There is a bidirectional relation between CKD and pregnancy in which renal dysfunction negatively affects pregnancy outcomes, and the pregnancy can have a deleterious impact…
Objectives: Women with rare intrauterine contraception (IUC) failures are advised to have their IUC removed because of the risk of poor obstetric outcomes with a retained IUC. Specifics regarding IUC removal in early pregnancy including techniques for removal, rates of success, and immediate pregnancy outcomes following removal are not well…
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