Objectives: The southern United States is facing a burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses, with 52% of new diagnoses made in the region. The emergency department (ED) is an important access point for patient care, especially given nationwide shortages in primary care appointments. The objective of our study was…
Objectives: We sought to determine whether pregnant individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prescribed integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) antiretrovirals (ARVs) achieve viral suppression faster than individuals taking non-INSTI regimens and to determine whether there were differences in viral suppression at delivery among INSTI ARVs. Methods: This is a retrospective…
Objectives: Dysphagia is a common symptom in patients hospitalized with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). There are limited data on the relation between dysphagia and important hospital outcomes. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of dysphagia on hospital costs, length of stay (LOS), mortality, and 30-day readmission…
Objectives: Adults with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV) infection may be at increased risk for nonacquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) diseases, including systemic hypertension (HTN). The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of HTN among young adults with PHIV compared with recently infected and uninfected young adults.Methods:…
Objectives: The goals of this pilot cross-sectional study were to determine the feasibility of and begin measuring the effect of religious institution affiliation on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clinical outcomes in the southern United States, a region marked by later initiation of antiretroviral therapy, higher HIV-related morbidity, and higher mortality…
Objectives: It is anticipated that early diagnosis, linkage to care, initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and retention in care would lead to reduced opportunistic infections, reduction in human immunodeficiency virus–related morbidity and mortality and reduced rates of HIV transmission. This would be expected to lead to a reduction in the…
Objectives: The integrin α4β7 is the gut-homing receptor for lymphocytes. It also is an important co-receptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) via glycoprotein (gp)120 binding. Depletion of gut cluster of differentiation (CD)4 T cells is linked to chronic inflammation in patients with HIV; however, measuring CD4 cells in the gut…
Objectives: Improvement in life expectancy with the use of combination antiretroviral therapy has come with the recognition of the complications associated with chronic human immunodeficiency virus infection. Vitamin D has been of particular interest because of its effect on bone health and immune functions. The purpose of this study was…
: People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) often are uninsured or underinsured, and they may benefit from the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PL 111-148) and its improved access to medical care. Safety net programs, such as AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAP) funded…
Objectives: To evaluate the rates and types of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) attending a public STI clinic in Miami, Florida as compared with HIV-uninfected patients attending the same clinic. Methods: This was a retrospective review of medical records of individuals attending…
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of eosinophilia among antiretroviral therapy (ART)–naïve patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and to identify variables associated with eosinophilia. Methods: We included all ART-naïve HIV-infected patients entering into care at the Thomas Street Health Center (Houston, Texas) between February 2007 and January 2009. Eosinophilia…
Objectives: Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) frequently experience psychosocial complications in addition to physical illness. Conflicting data on the value of companion dog ownership in minimizing psychosocial distress suggest the need for more research in this field. This study helps to clarify and expand upon previous…
Objectives: The rate of treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus-hepatitis C virus (HIV-HCV) co-infected patients remains historically low. We undertook a retrospective study to review our treatment rate and factors that have negatively influenced this rate. In those treated, we reviewed outcomes and compared results…
Objectives: To evaluate the yield of screening patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of consecutive patients with PH seen at our institution from July 1992 to November 2008. We assessed HIV risk factors and history of HIV. We estimated…
Abstract:A 38-year-old African-American male complaining of pain in multiple joints was initially diagnosed with gouty arthritis concurrent with gonococcal septic arthritis. The diagnosis was made based on arthrocentesis results showing Gram-variable cocci and monosodium urate crystals in the synovial fluid. Final blood and synovial fluid cultures confirmed a diagnosis of…
Pyomyositis is a musculoskeletal infection with formation of an intramuscular abscess. Endemic in tropical climates, it is being reported with increasing frequency in temperate climates such as the United States. The most common causative organism is Staphylococcus aureus, present in greater than 90% of reported cases. Risk factors include underlying…
Most cases of West Nile encephalitis virus (WNV) infection are asymptomatic. In cases where WNV is symptomatic, patients usually experience high fever of sudden onset, myalgia, headache, and gastrointestinal symptoms, accompanied by a macular erythematous rash in a quarter to half of cases. More severe infections manifest as a poliomyelitis….
Dysphagia in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients is most commonly of infectious etiology; however, less common causes of esophageal injury, such as strictures and medication-induced injuries, should be considered in the differential process. We report a case of a 53-year-old man with a 6-year history of HIV on highly active…
Though low, the incidence of malaria in the United States is not insignificant and can be the source of infection in febrile travelers returning from endemic areas. Clinicians practicing in the United States must have a basic understanding of the malaria life cycle and its treatments to properly diagnose and…
Kaposi sarcoma is a vascular neoplastic disorder that is associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The causative factor in Kaposi sarcoma is human herpes virus-8. This complication of AIDS has a predilection for homosexual males and is rarely associated with the female AIDS population. However, we present a case…
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