Review Article

Graves Orbitopathy: Update on Diagnosis and Therapy

Graves orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disorder representing the most frequent extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves disease. It is rare, with an age-adjusted incidence of approximately 16.0 cases per 100,000 population per year in women and 2.9 cases per 100,000 population per year in men. GO is an inflammatory process characterized…

Posted in: Graves disease 4 rituximab 4

Case Report

Interferon Alpha-Induced Hashimoto Thyroiditis Followed by Transient Graves Disease in a Patient with Chronic HCV Infection

The case of a 37-year-old man with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is presented. The patient had received a 6-month course of antiviral therapy with peg interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin, with concomitant clearance of hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid (HCV-RNA) from serum at the end of treatment. Three months…

Posted in: Graves disease 4 interferon 3

Case Report

Celiac Disease Occurring in a Patient with Hypoparathyroidism and Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

Patients with an underlying autoimmune endocrine disorder are at an increased risk of developing other autoimmune diseases. We describe a patient with idiopathic autoimmune hypoparathyroidism who developed hyperthyroidism due to Graves disease and subsequently was diagnosed with celiac disease. Malabsorption of L-thyroxine was the only clue regarding the presence of…

Posted in: celiac disease 4 Graves disease 4

Case Report

Livedo Reticularis: A Rare Manifestation of Graves Hyperthyroidism Associated with Anticardiolipin Antibodies

Livedo reticularis is a common presentation of the anti-cardiolipin syndrome. Although the presence of anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies was previously reported in association with both Graves disease and Hashimoto thyroiditis, I am aware of no previous report of livedo reticularis in patients with Graves disease. A 29-year-old woman presented with very…

Posted in: anticardiolipin antibodies 2 Graves disease 4 hyperthyroidism 10 thyroid 2
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