SMJ articles in the category "pneumonia"

Original Article

Comparison of Standard and Extended Dexamethasone Duration on Mortality in Patients with Severe COVID-19

Objectives: Current guidelines recommend dexamethasone 6 mg/day for up to 10 days in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requiring supplemental oxygenation or mechanical ventilation. The practice has significant variation, however, and dexamethasone has been used for >10 days for many patients with severe COVID-19. The aim of this…

Posted in: corticosteroids 7 pneumonia 14

Original Article

Associations between Present-on-Admission Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders and Short-Term Outcomes in Patients with Pneumonia

Objectives: Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders are used to express patient preferences for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. This study examined whether early DNR orders are associated with differences in treatments and outcomes among patients hospitalized with pneumonia. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 768,015 adult patients hospitalized with pneumonia from 2010 to…

Posted in: end of life 4 pneumonia 14 resuscitation 5 terminal care 3

Original Article

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 Pneumonia Who Developed Bradycardia

Objective: To assess the clinical characteristics and clinical outcomes of bradycardic patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Methods: The electronic medical records of 221 consecutive patients hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia between June and September 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient characteristics, electrocardiographic data, and clinical and laboratory information were retrospectively…

Posted in: bradycardia 4 COVID-19 55 pneumonia 14

Case Report

Pulmonary Actinomycosis Presenting as a Mass-Like Consolidation

Pulmonary actinomycosis presented as a mass-like consolidation. The diagnosis was not established until clinical suspicion prompted special staining of the pathology material. Response to antibiotics was facilitated by a removal of the airway plug through bronchoscopy. Airway obstruction may contribute to the prolonged medical treatment of pulmonary actinomycosis.

Posted in: actinomycosis 4 pneumonia 14

Original Article

Hospital-Acquired Thoracic Empyema in Adults: A 5-Year Study

Background:The objective of this study was to assess the etiology, microbiology and outcome of hospital-acquired thoracic empyema (HATE) in adults.Methods:From December 2001 to December 2006, 459 adult patients with a diagnosis of thoracic empyema in a tertiary hospital were screened for HATE. HATE was defined as a new pleural empyema…

Posted in: bacteriology 2 pneumonia 14 thoracic empyema 2

Expired CME Article

Pneumonia in the Elderly: A Review of Severity Assessment, Prognosis, Mortality, Prevention, and Treatment

Pneumonia is an increasingly common disease in the elderly due to an aging population. This is a comprehensive literature review outlining the severity assessment, morbidity, mortality, prevention and treatment options. Several models have been postulated to predict severity assessment and prognosis in older patients. Mortality increases with age and functional…

Posted in: elderly 20 mortality 38 pneumonia 14 prognosis 8

Expired CME Article

Pneumonia in the Elderly: A Review of the Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Microbiology, and Clinical Features

Pneumonia is a common and important disease in the elderly. The incidence is expected to rise as the population ages, and, therefore, it will become an increasingly significant problem in hospitals and the community. A comprehensive literature review was performed in order to look at the characteristics of pneumonia in…

Posted in: clinical features 2 elderly 20 pneumonia 14

Case Report

Coccidioidomycosis Pneumonia in a Nonendemic Area Associated with Infliximab

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, such as infliximab, are highly effective in the management of rheumatoid arthritis; however, these agents are associated with an increased risk of infectious complications. Individuals developing coccidiomycosis pneumonia frequently acquire this while residing in endemic regions. We present a patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated with…

Posted in: infliximab 4 pneumonia 14 rheumatoid arthritis 12

Case Report

Mycoplasma pneumoniae Associated with Hemolytic Anemia, Cold Agglutinins, and Recurrent Arterial Thrombosis

A 40-year-old white male developed Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (IgM titer 1:256) as well as autoimmune hemolytic anemia due to cold agglutinins (titer of 1:512). Four days after admission to the hospital, he developed an acute superior mesenteric artery (SMA) thrombosis. Four feet of ischemic small bowel were resected. A follow-up…

Posted in: hemolytic anemia 2 pneumonia 14

Original Article

Impact of Two Different Models on Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination in Hospitalized Patients

Objective: The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommends trivalent influenza (TIV) and pneumococcal (PPV) vaccination for eligible hospitalized patients. We conducted a retrospective study comparing two different methods of assessment and its impact on TIV and PPV vaccination in hospitalized patients. Design: Two sequential models were compared in a community…

Posted in: Influenza 4 pneumonia 14 vaccination 11

Review Article

Not Your Typical Strongyloides Infection: A Literature Review and Case Study

Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome is one of several clinical manifestations of strongyloidiasis and has a mortality rate exceeding 85%. The syndrome is characterized by a high organism burden owing to autoinfection and is most common in immunocompromised hosts. The recovery of multiple pathogens is likely due to a piggyback phenomenon that…

Posted in: hyperinfection syndrome 2 Pneumocystis jiroveci 2 pneumonia 14 strongyloidiasis 2

Case Report

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Empyema Necessitatis in an Eight-month-old Child

Empyema necessitatis is a rare complication of empyema characterized by a spontaneous extension of pus from the pleural space into adjacent soft tissues. It is uncommon in the pediatric population and is usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This report describes the youngest reported case of empyema necessitatis. The clinical examination…

Posted in: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 6 pleural effusion 9 pneumonia 14 tuberculosis 13

Case Report

Blastoschizomyces capitatus Pneumonia in an Immunocompetent Male

Blastoschizomyces capitatus is an emerging fungal pathogen. It has been well characterized as a cause of local and disseminated disease in immunocompromised hosts, especially in the setting of neutropenia. We describe a case of B capitatus pneumonia in an otherwise healthy man and review the clinical presentation, microbiologic characteristics, and…

Posted in: immunocompetent 3 pneumonia 14

Expired CME Article

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: An Overview

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a severe pulmonary infection that has been identified in multiple outbreaks around the world after emerging from mainland China in early 2003. The syndrome is caused by SARS-associated coronavirus, a novel human infection. SARS-associated coronavirus is spread by multiple mechanisms, including direct contact and…

Posted in: coronavirus 6 infection control 4 pneumonia 14
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